Theme: Hallucinations
Select the type of hallucination illustrated in each of the following scenarios
| A. | Functional hallucination |
| B. | Lilliputian hallucination |
| C. | Reflex hallucination |
| D. | Extracampine hallucination |
| E. | Hypnopompic hallucination |
| F. | Hypnagogic hallucination |
| G. | Kinaesthetic hallucination |
| H. | Visceral halluncination |
| I. | Autoscopic hallucination |
Select the type of hallucination illustrated in each of the following scenarios
| NaN. | A patient with long standing epilepsy reports experiencing daily symptoms consisting of seeing the image of her entire body as in a mirror. She reports that her body appears of normal size and colour without a definable facial expression. |
The correct answer is: Autoscopic hallucination 85% Exam Question Dec 2014 |
| NaN. | A patient with schizophrenia reports seeing the face of Jesus every time he hears someone laugh. |
| Reflex hallucination 81% Exam Question Dec 2014 |
| NaN. | A distressed patient approaches the police for help. He tells the police that people in a distant city are plotting to kill him. When asked why he believes this he explains that he can hear them discussing it. The police man finds this bizarre as the patient is suggesting he can hear a conversation from may miles away. |
| Extracampine hallucination 89% Exam Question Dec 2014 |
Hallucinations (types)
A hallucination is a perception in the absence of a stimulus.
Types of hallucination include:-
Auditory - These can be first person (aka gedankenlautwerdenor echo de la pense) where a patient hears their own thoughts, second person where a patient hears a voice talk directly to them, or third person where a patient hears voice having a discussion.
Visual - These are more common in organic condition such as temporal lobe epilepsy and drug intoxication.
Gustatory - These refer to hallucinations of taste
Olfactory - These refer to hallucinations of smell
Tactile (haptic) - There refer to false perceptions of touch
Functional hallucinations - A patient experiences an hallucination at the same time as receiving a real stimulus in the same sensory modality
Extracampine hallucination - These are hallucinations beyond the possible sensory field
Reflex hallucinations - These occur in one sensory modality in response to a real stimulus in another sensory modality
Hypnopompic hallucinations - These occur as a patient is waking from sleep (these are normal experiences)
Hypnagogic hallucinations - These occur as a patient is going to sleep (these are normal experiences)
Lilliputian hallucinations - These are visual hallucinations whereby the patient experiences seeing people who appear reduced in size or dwarfed
Kinaesthetic hallucinations - These relate to hallucinations of muscle or joint sense. Patient's may describe that their limbs are being twisted or bent, or their muscles squeezed. They may also described being rocked about
Autoscopic hallucinations - This refers to a person's experience of seeing a double of themselves in extrapersonal space without the experience of leaving ones body (no disembodiment).
