December 07, 2018
AkraMania
Theme: Cranial nerves
| A. | Trigeminal V3 (mandibular) |
| B. | Olfactory nerve (I) |
| C. | Abducens (VI) |
| D. | Trigeminal V1 (ophthalmic) |
| E. | Facial (VII) |
| F. | Trochlear (IV) |
| G. | Vagus (X) |
| H. | Vestibulocochlear (VIII) |
| I. | Hypoglossal (XII) |
| J. | Trigeminal V2 (maxillary) |
Select the cranial nerve that exits the skull through each of the following
| NaN. | Round foramen |
|
The correct answer is: Trigeminal V2 (maxillary) 39%
|
| NaN. | Cribiform plate |
| Olfactory nerve (I) 83%
|
| NaN. | Jugular foramen |
| Vagus (X) 62%
|
Cranial nerves
The following table includes the basic information required on the cranial nerves. The cranial nerves are actually very complex and this is a very simplified overview. Questions regarding their origin and function are common.
| Number | Nerve | Origin | Skull exit | Modality | Functions |
|---|
| I | Olfactory | Telencephalon | Cribiform plate | Sensory | Sense of smell |
| II | Optic | Diencephalon | Optic foramen | Sensory | Vision |
| III | Oculomotor | Midbrain | Superior orbital fissure | Motor | Eye movement, pupillary constriction, lens accommodation |
| IV | Trochlear | Midbrain | Superior orbital fissure | Motor | Eye movement |
| V | Trigeminal | Pons | Superior orbital fissure (ophthalmic V1)
Round foramen (maxillary V2)
Oval foramen (mandibular V3) | Mixed | Chewing, sensation of anterior 2/3 of scalp, tenses tympanic membrane* |
| VI | Abducens | Pons | Superior orbital fissure | Motor | Eye movement |
| VII | Facial | Pons | Internal auditory canal | Mixed | Facial expression, taste anterior 2/3 of tongue, tension on stapes* |
| VIII | Vestibulocochlear nerve | Pons | Internal auditory canal | Sensory | Hearing |
| IX | Glossopharyngeal nerve | Medulla | Jugular foramen | Mixed | Taste posterior 1/3 of tongue, elevation of larynx and pharynx, swallowing |
| X | Vagus | Medulla | Jugular foramen | Mixed | Swallowing, voice production, parasympathetic supply to nearly all thoracic and abdominal viscera |
| XI | Accessory nerve | Medulla | Jugular foramen | Motor | Shoulder shruging and head turning |
| XII | Hypoglossal nerve | Medulla | Hypoglossal canal | Motor | Tongue movement |
* The tension on the stapes and tympanic membrane act to dampen loud noises
